顺序链
最常见的工作流模式是线性步骤链。每个步骤都在上一步完成后运行,并接收此前累积的状态。
->then() 方法
使用 ->then() 向工作流添加顺序步骤:
PHP
use Queuety\Queuety;
Queuety::workflow( 'onboarding' )
->then( CreateAccountHandler::class )
->then( SendWelcomeEmailHandler::class )
->then( NotifyAdminHandler::class )
->dispatch( [ 'email' => 'user@example.com' ] );
步骤按添加顺序执行。只有当前步骤成功完成后,工作流才会继续推进。
Step 接口
工作流步骤处理程序实现 Queuety\Step 接口:
PHP
use Queuety\Step;
class CreateAccountHandler implements Step {
public function handle( array $state ): array {
$user_id = wp_create_user( $state['email'], wp_generate_password() );
return [ 'user_id' => $user_id ];
}
public function config(): array {
return [
'max_attempts' => 3,
];
}
}
与 Handler 接口的主要区别:
Handler(任务) |
Step(工作流) |
|
|---|---|---|
| 方法签名 | handle(array $payload): void |
handle(array $state): array |
| 输入 | 任务负载 | 累积的工作流状态 |
| 输出 | 无(void) | 要合并到状态中的数据 |
状态流
每个步骤都会接收完整的累积状态,并返回一个新的键值对数组。返回的数据会合并到状态中,供后续步骤使用:
PHP
class FetchUserHandler implements Step {
public function handle( array $state ): array {
// $state contains: ['user_id' => 42]
$user = get_user_by( 'ID', $state['user_id'] );
return [ 'user_name' => $user->display_name, 'user_email' => $user->user_email ];
}
public function config(): array {
return [];
}
}
class GenerateReportHandler implements Step {
public function handle( array $state ): array {
// $state contains: ['user_id' => 42, 'user_name' => 'Alice', 'user_email' => 'alice@example.com']
$report = build_report( $state['user_name'] );
return [ 'report_url' => $report->url ];
}
public function config(): array {
return [];
}
}
步骤配置
config() 方法支持以下键:
| 键 | 类型 | 默认值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
max_attempts |
int |
3 |
此步骤的最大重试次数 |
backoff |
string |
exponential |
重试的退避策略 |
LLM 流水线示例
一种常见用例是将 LLM API 调用与数据处理串联起来:
PHP
use Queuety\Step;
class BuildPromptHandler implements Step {
public function handle( array $state ): array {
$user = get_user_by( 'ID', $state['user_id'] );
$posts = get_posts( [ 'author' => $user->ID, 'numberposts' => 10 ] );
$context = implode( "\n", array_map( fn( $p ) => $p->post_content, $posts ) );
return [
'prompt' => "Summarize this author's recent work:\n\n{$context}",
];
}
public function config(): array {
return [];
}
}
class CallOpenAIHandler implements Step {
public function handle( array $state ): array {
$response = wp_remote_post( 'https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions', [
'timeout' => 120,
'headers' => [
'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . OPENAI_API_KEY,
'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
],
'body' => json_encode( [
'model' => 'gpt-4',
'messages' => [ [ 'role' => 'user', 'content' => $state['prompt'] ] ],
] ),
] );
$body = json_decode( wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response ), true );
return [ 'summary' => $body['choices'][0]['message']['content'] ];
}
public function config(): array {
return [ 'max_attempts' => 5 ];
}
}
class SaveSummaryHandler implements Step {
public function handle( array $state ): array {
$post_id = wp_insert_post( [
'post_title' => "Summary for user #{$state['user_id']}",
'post_content' => $state['summary'],
'post_status' => 'publish',
] );
return [ 'summary_post_id' => $post_id ];
}
public function config(): array {
return [];
}
}
分派流水线:
PHP
Queuety::workflow( 'summarize_author' )
->then( BuildPromptHandler::class )
->then( CallOpenAIHandler::class )
->then( SaveSummaryHandler::class )
->on_queue( 'llm' )
->max_attempts( 5 )
->dispatch( [ 'user_id' => 42 ] );
如果 OpenAI 调用超时,工作进程只会重试该步骤。步骤 0 中构建的提示词已经安全地存储在工作流状态中。